Year: 2017
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background: Nervous system involvement is one of the catastrophic target of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.Inspite of adequate ART (antiretroviral therapy), HIV infected individuals still experience neurological diseases.At least 40% HIV-infected patients devolp neurological symptoms during the course of their illness and in 10-20% of the patients, the presence of a neurological disease is the first manifestation of symptomatic HIV infection.Aims and Objectives: To illuminate the spectrum of neurological involvement in patients with HIV infection at Govt Medical College & Hospital Amritsar (Punjab).We evaluated various neurological manifestations of HIV including opportunistic infections (OPIs) and non-opportunistic infections (nonOPIs).Settings and Design: This was a observational study conducted at Govt Medical College & Hospital Amritsar (Punjab) over a period of 1 years from June 2016 to July 2017. Materials and Methods:The study included a total of 100 HIV seropositive patients of both genders, of age >18 years, attending the ART centre, medicine OPD, admitted in medicine ward with neurological manifestations, at Govt Medical College & Hospital Amritsar (Punjab) were studied for clinical parameters, laboratory investigations and imaging.Results: A total of 100 patients admitted with HIV infection, of which 44 patients (44%) presented with neurological manifestations were enrolled in the study.The most common age group affected was 31 to 40 years (45.4%),males were affected more than females (63.6% male patients, 36.3% female patients) and most of the patients were from rural (72.73%) areas of Amritsar.Fever (59.09%) was the most common feature.Headache in 22 patients (50%) was most common neurological complaint followed by altered sensorium in 19 patients (43%) and focal neurological deficit in 15 patients (34.09%).Tubercular meningitis in 13 patients (59.09%) followed by cryptococcal meningitis in 6 patients (27.27%) was most common cause of headache.Most common cause of altered sensorium was tubercular meningitis in 7 patients (36.8%).Tuberculosis (59.26%) was most common opportunistic infection followed by cryptococcal meningitis (25.93%) and toxoplasmosis in (14.81%) patients.Non-opportunistic neurological manifestations were present in 16 patients (36.36%), out of which cerebral infarcts in 9 patients
Authors: Krishan Oberoi, Neeraj Joshi, Shiv Charan, NS Neki, Gagandeep singh, Rajvir Singh, Akanksha Sandhu, Gurminder Multani, Gagandeep Shergill, Narender Meena, Deepali Kaushal, Inderjot Kaur, Priya Sharma, Deepak Rana, Gaurav Joshi
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W2782468614