Consumo de alcohol de los adolescentes en Madrid: la influencia de la identidad étnica latinoamericana y nacional española
Year: 2018
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: espanolEl alcohol es la sustancia mas consumida por los adolescentes en sus espacios de ocio, y estos difieren segun ciertas categorias sociales. Objetivo. Este trabajo pretende abordar la relacion entre identificacion etnica latinoamericana y nacional espanola en el consumo de alcohol de los adolescentes madrilenos, incluyendo el analisis de los motivos por los que beben alcohol y las circunstancias de riesgo que viven bajo el uso de esta sustancia. Metodologia. Estudio descriptivo inferencial mediante un cuestionario ad hoc auto-administrado a 2890 adolescentes de 12 a 18 anos; muestreo estratificado de centros de E.S.O. de Madrid. Resultados. El 7,4% de los adolescentes se identifico como latinoamericano y el 73,4% como espanol. La identificacion como latinoamericano se asocio a mayor motivacion para el consumo relacionada con la desinhibicion, haberse emborrachado perdiendo el sentido, mayor autopercepcion de abuso de alcohol y mayor riesgo en las relaciones sexuales. La identificacion como espanol resulto mas frecuente en mujeres que en varones, y no se relaciono con ninguna variable del consumo ni del abuso de alcohol. Las diferencias intersexuales fueron significativas en la edad de inicio al consumo y en la conducta de embriaguez. Conclusiones. Los resultados conducen a considerar las variables culturales y de identificacion social en la intervencion preventiva para aumentar la eficacia y eficiencia. EnglishAlcohol is the substance adolescents consume most in their leisure spaces, and these differ according to special social categories. Aims. This article aims to approach the relationship between ethnic Latino identity and Spanish nationality in alcohol consumption by Madrid adolescents. It includes an analysis of the reasons why they drink alcohol and the risk situations they undergo under this substance. Method. Descriptive inferential study with an ad hoc questionnaire self-administered to 2890 adolescents from 12 to 18 years old; stratified sampling in Ten Educational Centers in Madrid. Results. 7.4% of the adolescents identified themselves as Latin-American, and 73.4% as Spanish. The identification as a Latin-American was associated with a higher motivation for consumption related to lack of inhibition, having been inebriated with loss of consciousness, higher self-perception of alcohol abuse and higher risk in sexual intercourse. Identification as being Spanish was more frequent in women than in men, and was not related to any variable of alcohol consumption or abuse. Intersexual differences in analyzed variables were significant for the age of onset for consumption and alcohol intoxication behavior. Conclusions. Results lead to take into account cultural variables and those related to social identity in preventive intervention to increase efficiency and effectiveness.
Language: Spanish
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2891470004