IgE-Mediated Sensitization to Galactose-α-1,3- Galactose (α-Gal) in Urticaria and Anaphylaxis in Spain: Geographical Variations and Risk Factors
Year: 2019
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of sIgE to galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-gal) in individuals with acute urticaria or anaphylaxis from different geographical areas of Spain and to evaluate the relevance of demographics and lifestyle as risk factors for this immune response. METHODS: Participants were recruited from allergy departments at 14 Spanish hospitals. Patients aged 18 years or older presenting with urticaria or anaphylaxis were enrolled into one of 2 arms: cases and controls. An interviewer-administered questionnaire collecting demographic data, lifestyle habits, and the presence of cofactors was obtained from each participant. sIgE to α-gal and total IgE were determined using ImmunoCAP. sIgE levels ≥0.35 kU/L were considered a positive result. RESULTS: The study population comprised 160 cases and 126 controls. The median age was 44 years. The overall prevalence of a positive result of sIgE to α-gal was 15.7%; this was higher in cases (26.3%) than in controls (2.4%). The sIgE anti-α-gal positivity rate ranged from 37.68% (rural) to 15.38% (semiurban), and 7.85% (urban). The rates of positivity were 46.32%, (Northern), 0.72% (Center), and 0% (Mediterranean). A positive result for sIgE to α-gal was associated with a history of tick bites, participation in outdoor activities, pet ownership, and ingestion of mammalian meats or innards before the onset of symptoms. Only alcohol consumption could be implicated as a cofactor. CONCLUSION: Sensitization to α-gal in patients with urticaria or anaphylaxis differs considerably between the 3 geographical areas studied and is related to tick bites.
DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0373
Institutions: Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Hospital Marina Baixa, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Hospital Virgen del Puerto, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Hospital Universitario 12 De Octubre, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Hospital de Basurto, Hospital Universitario Sanitas La Zarzuela, Hospital Vega Baja, Hospital de Sant Pau, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona
Language: English
Subfield: Immunology and Allergy
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W2913085549