Risk and protective factors for anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Year: 2019
Type: review
Abstract: BACKGROUND: A multitude of risk/protective factors for anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders have been proposed. We conducted an umbrella review to summarize the evidence of the associations between risk/protective factors and each of the following disorders: specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, and to assess the strength of this evidence whilst controlling for several biases. METHODS: Publication databases were searched for systematic reviews and meta-analyses examining associations between potential risk/protective factors and each of the disorders investigated. The evidence of the association between each factor and disorder was graded into convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, weak, or non-significant according to a standardized classification based on: number of cases (>1000), random-effects p-values, 95% prediction intervals, confidence interval of the largest study, heterogeneity between studies, study effects, and excess of significance. RESULTS: Nineteen systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included, corresponding to 216 individual studies covering 427 potential risk/protective factors. Only one factor association (early physical trauma as a risk factor for social anxiety disorder, OR 2.59, 95% CI 2.17-3.1) met all the criteria for convincing evidence. When excluding the requirement for more than 1000 cases, five factor associations met the other criteria for convincing evidence and 22 met the remaining criteria for highly suggestive evidence. CONCLUSIONS: Although the amount and quality of the evidence for most risk/protective factors for anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders is limited, a number of factors significantly increase the risk for these disorders, may have potential prognostic ability and inform prevention.
Source: Psychological Medicine
Authors: Miquel A. Fullana, Miquel Tortella-Feliu, Lorena Fernández de la Cruz, Jacobo Chamorro, Ana Pérez-Vigil, John P. A. Ioannidis, Aleix Solanes, Maria Guardiola, Carmen Almodóvar, Romina Miranda-Olivos, Valentina Ramella-Cravaro, Ana Vilar, Abraham Reichenberg, David Mataix-Cols, Eduard Vieta, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Mar Fatjó-Vilas, Joaquim Radua
Institutions: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Research Institute of Health Sciences, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Karolinska Institutet, Parc de Salut, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Fidmag Sisters Hospitallers, King's College London, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Region Stockholm, Stockholm Health Care Services, Universitat de Barcelona, University of Pavia, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer
Language: English
Subfield: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W2981350488