Work

SnO x /graphene anode material with multiple oxidation states for high-performance Li-ion batteries

Year: 2021

Type: article

Abstract: Tin and its oxides are promising anode materials owing to their high theoretical capacity, rich resource, and environmental benignity. To achieve low cost and green synthesis, a facile synthetic route of SnO x /graphene composites is proposed, using a simple galvanic replacement method to quickly obtain abundant foamed tin as raw material and ball milling method to realize a mechanochemical reaction between SnO x (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) and graphene. Under different annealing conditions, the foamed tin is converted to tin oxides with multiple oxidation states (Sn 3 O 4 , SnO, and SnO 2 ). These unique components can greatly affect the electrochemical performance of the electrode in LIBs. The as-prepared electrode (SnO x -300/G) obtained by annealing foamed tin at 300 °C for 4 h and combining SnO x powders with graphene via ball milling shows great cycling stability, retaining a high capacity of 786 mA h g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 after 150 cycles, and its initial Coulombic efficiency can reach 84.03%. Thus, this facile synthesis can provide an environmentally friendly route for commercial production of high-performance energy storage materials.

Source: Nanotechnology

DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abe2c9