Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza A in children based on the results of various rapid influenza tests in the 2018/19 season
Year: 2021
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: During influenza epidemics, Japanese clinicians routinely conduct rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) in patients with influenza-like illness, and patients with positive test results are treated with anti-influenza drugs within 48 h after the onset of illness. We assessed the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) in children (6 months-15 years old, N = 4243), using a test-negative case-control design based on the results of RIDTs in the 2018/19 season. The VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm and A(H3N2) was analyzed separately using an RIDT kit specifically for detecting A(H1N1)pdm09. The adjusted VE against combined influenza A (H1N1pdm and H3N2) and against A(H1N1)pdm09 was 39% (95% confidence interval [CI], 30%-46%) and 74% (95% CI, 39%-89%), respectively. By contrast, the VE against non-A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza A (presumed to be H3N2) was very low at 7%. The adjusted VE for preventing hospitalization was 56% (95% CI, 16%-77%) against influenza A. The VE against A(H1N1)pdm09 was consistently high in our studies. By contrast, the VE against A(H3N2) was low not only in adults but also in children in the 2018/19 season.
Source: PLoS ONE
Authors: Masayoshi Shinjoh, Norio Sugaya, Yoshio Yamaguchi, Ichiro Ookawara, Yuji Nakata, Atsushi Narabayashi, Munehiro Furuichi, Naoko Yoshida, Akinobu Kamei, Yuu Kuramochi, Akimichi Shibata, Motoko Shimoyamada, Hisataka Nakazaki, Naohiko Maejima, Erika Yuasa, Eriko Araki, Naonori Maeda, Takuma Ohnishi, Mitsuhiro Nishida, Nobuhiko Taguchi, Makoto Yoshida, Kenichiro Tsunematsu, Meiwa Shibata, Yasuhiro Hirano, Shinichiro Sekiguchi, Chiharu Kawakami, Keiko Mitamura, Takao Takahashi
Institutions: Keio University, keiyu Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Shizuoka Red Cross Hospital, Nippon Koukan Hospital, Kawasaki Municipal Hospital, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Fuji Heavy Industries Health Insurance Society Ota Memorial Hospital, Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital, Saitama Municipal Hospital, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital, Saiseikai Utsunomiya hospital, Tokyo Medical Center, National Hospital Organization Saitama Hospital, Shizuoka City Shimizu Hospital, Sanokousei General Hospital, Hino Municipal Hospital, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Hiratsuka City Hospital, Yokohama City Institute of Public Health, Eiju General Hospital
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,749
OpenAlex ID: W3137119862