Year: 2021
Type: article
Abstract: Exoplanets transiting bright nearby stars are key objects for advancing our knowledge of planetary formation and evolution. The wealth of photons from the host star gives detailed access to the atmospheric, interior and orbital properties of the planetary companions. ν2 Lupi (HD 136352) is a naked-eye (V = 5.78) Sun-like star that was discovered to host three low-mass planets with orbital periods of 11.6, 27.6 and 107.6 d via radial-velocity monitoring1. The two inner planets (b and c) were recently found to transit2, prompting a photometric follow-up by the brand new Characterising Exoplanets Satellite (CHEOPS). Here, we report that the outer planet d is also transiting, and measure its radius and mass to be 2.56 ± 0.09 R⊕ and 8.82 ± 0.94 M⊕, respectively. With its bright Sun-like star, long period and mild irradiation (~5.7 times the irradiation of Earth), ν2 Lupi d unlocks a completely new region in the parameter space of exoplanets amenable to detailed characterization. We refine the properties of all three planets: planet b probably has a rocky mostly dry composition, while planets c and d seem to have retained small hydrogen–helium envelopes and a possibly large water fraction. This diversity of planetary compositions makes the ν2 Lupi system an excellent laboratory for testing formation and evolution models of low-mass planets. Three planets orbit the Sun-like star ν2 Lupi. CHEOPS data show that all of them are transiting and show remarkable diversity. In particular, dry and gas-poor inner planet b has experienced extensive atmospheric loss, while planets c and d are water rich and have a small gaseous envelope of primordial origin.
Source: Nature Astronomy
Authors: Laetitia Delrez, David Ehrenreich, Yann Alibert, Andrea Bonfanti, Luca Borsato, Luca Fossati, Matthew J. Hooton, Sergio Hoyer, Francisco J. Pozuelos, Sébastien Salmon, Sophia Sulis, Thomas G. Wilson, Vardan Adibekyan, Vincent Bourrier, Alexis Brandeker, Sébastien Charnoz, Adrien Deline, Pascal Guterman, Jonas Haldemann, Nathan Hara, Mahmoudreza Oshagh, Sergio G. Sousa, Valérie Van Grootel, Roi Alonso, Guillem Anglada-Escudé, Tamás Bárczy, David Barrado, Susana C. C. Barros, Wolfgang Baumjohann, Mathias Beck, Anja Bekkelien, Willy Benz, Nicolas Billot, Xavier Bonfils, Christopher Broeg, Juan Cabrera, Andrew Collier Cameron, Melvyn B. Davies, Magali Deleuil, Jean-Baptiste Delisle, Olivier D. S. Demangeon, Brice-Olivier Demory, Anders Erikson, Andrea Fortier, Malcolm Fridlund, David Futyan, Davide Gandolfi, Antonio Garcia Muñoz, Michaël Gillon, Manuel Guedel, Kevin Heng, László Kiss, Jacques Laskar, Alain Lecavelier des Etangs, Monika Lendl, Christophe Lovis, Pierre F. L. Maxted, Valerio Nascimbeni, Göran Olofsson, Hugh P. Osborn, Isabella Pagano, Enric Pallé, Giampaolo Piotto, Don Pollacco, Didier Queloz, Heike Rauer, Roberto Ragazzoni, Ignasi Ribas, Nuno C. Santos, Gaetano Scandariato, Damien Ségransan, Attila E. Simon, Alexis M. S. Smith, Manfred Steller, Gyula M. Szabó, Nicolas Thomas, Stéphane Udry, Nicholas A. Walton
Institutions: University of Geneva, University of Liège, University of Bern, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Space Research Institute, Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, National Institute for Astrophysics, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Université, University of St Andrews, Universidade do Porto, Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences, Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers, Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Institute of Space Sciences, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Centro de Astrobiología, Center for Space and Habitability, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR), Lund University, Leiden University, Leiden Observatory, Chalmers University of Technology, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Technische Universität Berlin, University of Vienna, Eötvös Loránd University, The University of Sydney, Konkoly Observatory, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Keele University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, University of Padua, University of Warwick, University of Cambridge, Freie Universität Berlin
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $11,390
Funders: National Science Foundation, Centres de Recerca de Catalunya, European Space Agency, European Commission, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, Generalitat de Catalunya, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft, Université de Liège, Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal, Natural Environment Research Council, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, European Regional Development Fund, Labex UnivEarthS, National Research, Development and Innovation Office
Awards: G1011896320, G1037624341, G1323502114, G132494354, G1483381719, G1516346500, G1690109813, G1757553640, G1763632427, G1782937246, Formation and Evolution of planetary systems, G195474297, G1998765129, G2166381293, G231466169, G2429810765, Le problème de l'intuition., G2569446585, G2638859006, G2668221581, G274581676, G2761687731, G3166541215, Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Astronomy at St Andrews 2015-2018, Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, G3495555165, G3696820176, Sem título, G3745956429, G3840324753, G3886148316, G3891694003, G4040538414, G413412337, G4192228184, G428931209, G42952139, G434337789, G4366743765, G4430112794, G4563145523, G4656594441, G4825254479, G4892679549, G490073602, G491858407, Phénomènes de transport et propriétés électroniques des métaux et des supraconducteurs, G5145896149, Sem título, G5224927334, G526596183, G5293249294, G5454278309, G5499322367, G5505857039, G5599649393, G5659389683, G5721199125, G579486543, G580951548, G5836515827, A Geração de Espectrógrafos para encontrar uma nova Terra, G5925951171, G600983903, Wissenschaftliche Korrespondenz von Wolfgang Pauli, Band IV : 1950-1958, G6103259537, G6125752356, G6253149455, G6255773888, G628552264, G650969681, G6621153478, G662651173, G6731467812, G686714903, G6890900265, Discovering and probing the atmospheres of rocky exoplanets, Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, G7123698595, Explorando exoPlanetas com o CHEOPS, G7240651115, G7762426073, G7937275146, G7965899483, G8002058181, G8094288939, G831705419, G8395471224, G8413134427, G850658000, G8530213208, Université de Paris, G8545739475, G8551533833, G8631542991, Earth - Planets - Universe: observation, modeling, transfer, G8864104891, G8930446, G967088233
OpenAlex ID: W3173404613