Differential Mortality Risks Associated With PM2.5 Components
Year: 2021
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and mortality widely differs between as well as within countries. Differences in PM2.5 composition can play a role in modifying the effect estimates, but there is little evidence about which components have higher impacts on mortality. METHODS: We applied a 2-stage analysis on data collected from 210 locations in 16 countries. In the first stage, we estimated location-specific relative risks (RR) for mortality associated with daily total PM2.5 through time series regression analysis. We then pooled these estimates in a meta-regression model that included city-specific logratio-transformed proportions of seven PM2.5 components as well as meta-predictors derived from city-specific socio-economic and environmental indicators. RESULTS: We found associations between RR and several PM2.5 components. Increasing the ammonium (NH4+) proportion from 1% to 22%, while keeping a relative average proportion of other components, increased the RR from 1.0063 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.0030, 1.0097) to 1.0102 (95% CI = 1.0070, 1.0135). Conversely, an increase in nitrate (NO3-) from 1% to 71% resulted in a reduced RR, from 1.0100 (95% CI = 1.0067, 1.0133) to 1.0037 (95% CI = 0.9998, 1.0077). Differences in composition explained a substantial part of the heterogeneity in PM2.5 risk. CONCLUSIONS: These findings contribute to the identification of more hazardous emission sources. Further work is needed to understand the health impacts of PM2.5 components and sources given the overlapping sources and correlations among many components.
Source: Epidemiology
Authors: Pierre Masselot, Francesco Sera, Rochelle Schneider, Haidong Kan, Éric Lavigne, Massimo Stafoggia, Aurelio Tobias, Hong Chen, Richard T. Burnett, Joel Schwartz, Antonella Zanobetti, Michelle L. Bell, Bing-Yu Chen, Yue-Liang Leon Guo, Martina S. Ragettli, Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera, Christofer Åström, Bertil Forsberg, Carmen Íñiguez, Rebecca M. Garland, Noah Scovronick, Joana Madureira, Baltazar Nunes, César De la Cruz Valencia, Magali Hurtado Diaz, Yasushi Honda, Masahiro Hashizume, Chris Fook Cheng Ng, Evangelia Samoli, Klea Katsouyanni, Alexandra Schneider, Susanne Breitner, Niilo R.I. Ryti, Jouni J.K. Jaakkola, Marek Maasikmets, Hans Orru, Yuming Guo, Nicolás Valdés Ortega, Patricia Matus Correa, Shilu Tong, Antonio Gasparrini
Institutions: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, University of Florence, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Fudan University, Health Canada, University of Ottawa, ASL Roma, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Nagasaki University, Harvard University, Yale University, National Health Research Institutes, Monash University, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Bern, Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, Umeå University, Universitat de València, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, North-West University, University of Pretoria, Emory University, Universidade do Porto, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, University of Tsukuba, National Institute for Environmental Studies, The University of Tokyo, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, King's College London, Helmholtz Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Estonian Environmental Research Center (Estonia), University of Tartu, Universidad de Los Andes, Chile, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Queensland University of Technology, Anhui Medical University, Nanjing Medical University
Language: English
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: A multi-country analysis of temperature-mortality associations from a climate change perspective, Evaluation, control and Mitigation of the EnviRonmental impacts of shippinG Emissions, Half a degree Additional warming: Prognosis and Projected Impacts on Health (HAPPI-Health), Exposure to heat and air pollution in EUrope – cardiopulmonary impacts and benefits of mitigation and adaptation, G4109081417, G434337789, The case time series design: a new tool for big data analysis, HERCULES: Exposome Research Center, Yale Clinical and Translational Science Award
OpenAlex ID: W4200148151