Cellular and Humoral Functional Responses After BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination Differ Between Naïve and COVID-19-Recovered Individuals
Year: 2021
Type: article
Abstract: We have analyzed BNT162b2 vaccine-induced immune responses in naive subjects and individuals recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), both soon after (14 days) and later after (almost 8 months) vaccination. Plasma spike (S)-specific immunoglobulins peak after one vaccine shot in individuals recovered from COVID-19, while a second dose is needed in naive subjects, although the latter group shows reduced levels all along the analyzed period. Despite how the neutralization capacity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mirrors this behavior early after vaccination, both groups show comparable neutralizing antibodies and S-specific B cell levels late post-vaccination. When studying cellular responses, naive individuals exhibit higher SARS-CoV-2-specific cytokine production, CD4 + T cell activation, and proliferation than do individuals recovered from COVID-19, with patent inverse correlations between humoral and cellular variables early post-vaccination. However, almost 8 months post-vaccination, SARS-CoV-2-specific responses are comparable between both groups. Our data indicate that a previous history of COVID-19 differentially determines the functional T and B cell-mediated responses to BNT162b2 vaccination over time.
Source: Cell Reports
Authors: Roberto Lozano-Rodríguez, Jaime Valentín-Quiroga, José Avendaño-Ortiz, Alejandro Martín-Quirós, Alejandro Pascual-Iglesias, Verónica Terrón-Arcos, Karla Montalbán-Hernández, José Carlos Casalvilla-Dueñas, Marta Bergón-Gutiérrez, José Alcamí, Javier García-Pérez, Almudena Cascajero, Miguel Ángel García-Garrido, Álvaro del Balzo-Castillo, María Peinado, Laura Gómez, Irene Llorente-Fernández, Gema Martín-Miguel, Carmen Herrero-Benito, José Miguel Benito, Norma Rallón, Carmen Vela-Olmo, Lissette López-Morejón, Carolina Cubillos-Zapata, Luis A. Aguirre, Carlos del Fresno, Eduardo López-Collazo
Institutions: Hospital Universitario La Paz, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina, Hospital Universitario 12 De Octubre, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ingenasa (Spain), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $5,200
OpenAlex ID: W4200430875