Heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2 prime-boost vaccination elicits potent neutralizing antibody responses and T cell reactivity against prevalent SARS-CoV-2 variants
Year: 2021
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens combining vector- and mRNA-based vaccines are already administered, but data on solicited adverse reactions, immunological responses and elicited protection are limited. We aimed to evaluate the reactogenicity, humoral and cellular immune responses towards different SARS-CoV-2 variants after a heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 BNT162b2 prime-boost vaccination and analyzed a cohort of 26 individuals aged 25-46 (median 30.5) years that received a ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 prime followed by a BNT162b2 boost after an 8- week interval. Self-reported solicited symptoms after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 prime were in line with previous reports and less severe after the BNT162b2 boost. Antibody titers increased significantly over time resulting in strong neutralization titers two weeks after the BNT162b2 boost. Neutralizing activity against the prevalent strain B.1.1.7 (Alpha) and immune-evading VOC B.1.351 (Beta) was ∼4-fold higher than in individuals receiving homologous BNT162b2 vaccination. No difference was seen in neutralization of VOI B.1.617 (Kappa). In addition, the heterologous vaccination induced CD4+ and CD8+ T cells reactive to SARS-CoV-2 spike peptides of all analyzed variants; Wuhan-Hu-1, B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1 (Gamma). In conclusion, heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 / BNT162b2 prime-boost vaccination regimen is not associated with serious adverse events and results in a potent humoral immune response and elicits T cell reactivity. Variants B.1.1.7, B.1.351 and B.1.617.1 are potently neutralized by sera of all participants and reactive T cells recognize spike peptides of all tested variants. These results suggest that this heterologous vaccination regimen is at least as immunogenic and protective as homologous vaccinations.
Source: EBioMedicine
Authors: Rüdiger Groß, Michelle Zanoni, Alina Seidel, Carina Conzelmann, Andrea Gilg, Daniela Krnavek, Sümeyye Erdemci-Evin, Benjamin Mayer, Markus Hoffmann, Stefan Pöhlmann, Weimin Liu, Beatrice H. Hahn, Alexandra Beil, Joris Kroschel, Bernd Jahrsdörfer, Hubert Schrezenmeier, Frank Kirchhoff, Jan Münch, Janis A. Müller
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,500
Funders: Baden-Württemberg Stiftung, Niedersächsische Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, European Commission, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst Baden-Württemberg, Robert Koch Institut, National Institutes of Health, HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme, Horizon 2020, International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine Ulm, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Awards: G1195029094, FIGHTING-OFF CORONAVIRUS (SARS-CoV-2) WITH BROAD-SPECTRUM ANTIVIRALS: ESTABLISHING ANIMAL VIRAL CHALLENGE MODEL, G2616179186, G2747635523, G318143557, G3637121363, SUPporting high quality evaluation of COVID-19 convalescent Plasma thrOughoutT Europe, G434337789, RAPID - Risikobewertung bei präpandemischen respiratorischen Infektionserkrankungen - Effizienz der proteolytischen Aktivierung von respiratorischen Viren als Marker für pandemisches Potenzial, SARS_S1S2 - Bedeutung der optimierten S1/S2 Schnittstelle für die SARS-CoV-2 Infektion, G5514976981, G609277048, G6122222817, G6394315006, G7294149168, RENACO - Repurposing von Nafamostatmesylat zur Behandlung von COVID-19 - Teilvorhaben DPZ, G8021931800, Exploiting the antigenic conservation of the Env trimer apex across primate lentiviral lineages for AIDS vaccine design, Nationales Forschungsnetzwerk der Universitätsmedizin zu Covid-19, G9000266210, Penn Center for AIDS Research, Optimizing glycan shield coverage, germline B cell receptor binding and epitope diversity of V2-apex targeted HIV-1 Env immunogens
OpenAlex ID: W4200433348