Year: 2021
Type: book-chapter
Abstract: Unlike other European countries, which have an overwhelming Catholic or Protestant majority, Hungary is divided by religion.According to the latest census, 37% of the population is Roman Catholic, 12% is Calvinist (Presbyterian), and 2% is Lutheran; in addition, 1.5% declared themselves atheists, 17% answered that they were not religious, and 27% did not answer the question. 3 The religious division in the country is historical.During the Reformation, Hungary was under the Ottoman Empire; many Muslims entered the territory, and many Hungarians became Protestants.However, the Turks did not occupy the kingdom of Hungary, which was ruled by Catholic Hapsburgs.Religious diversity necessitated legal regulation.not coincidentally, Transylvania was one of the first territories with (relative) freedom of religion; the Edict of Torda in 1568 ensured the free practice of religion for Catholics, Calvinists, Unitarians, and Lutherans.The date of the treaty, January 13, became 'Freedom of Religion Day.'In the seventeenth century, Protestant nobility achieved considerable freedom in Hungary.However, due to the 're-Catholicizing' efforts of the Hapsburg kings, this freedom was gradually curtailed.state influence in the affairs of the Catholic Church was also strong, especially in the enlightened absolutist Josephinist era (Emperor Joseph II, 1780-1790), when, for example, contemplative religious orders were dissolved. 4However, in reality, Protestants had not received equality until the 19th century.non-Christian religions became equal even later; Jews were
Author: Lóránt Csink
Language: English
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W4205129296