Work

The Optimal High Heating Value of the Torrefied Coconut Shells

Year: 2022

Type: article

Abstract: Coconut is a biomass resource that is abundant in tropical countries. In 2020, the Philippines planted 347 million coconut trees that produced 14.7 million tons of coconuts. The coconut shells (endocarp) are considered a waste material, which comprise 15.18% of each fruit and account for 2.2 million tons. The calorific value of raw coconut shells is 30.79MJ/kg. When torrefied at 275°C for 30 minutes holding time, the calorific value reached the optimal of 34.37MJ/kg, representing an increase of 11.64%. The mass yield (My) was 90.10% and the energy density was 111.64%, resulting in an energy yield of 100.59%.

Source: Engineering Technology & Applied Science Research

DOI: 10.48084/etasr.4931

Authors: R. Espina, R. Barroca, M. L. S. Abundo

Institutions: Ateneo de Davao University, Nanyang Technological University, University of San Carlos

Language: English

Topic: Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes

Subfield: Fuel Technology

Field: Energy

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Affordable and clean energy, Responsible consumption and production, Climate action, Zero hunger

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $431