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3D-printed facet-attached optical elements for beam shaping in optical phased arrays

Year: 2022
Type: article
Abstract: We demonstrate an optical phased-array equipped with a 3D-printed facet-attached element for shaping and deflection of the emitted beam. The beam shaper combines freeform refractive surfaces with total-internal-reflection mirrors and is in-situ printed to edge-emitting waveguide facets using high-resolution multi-photon lithography, thereby ensuring precise alignment with respect to on-chip waveguide structures. In a proof-of-concept experiment, we achieve a grating-lobe free steering range of ± 30 ∘ and a full-width-half-maximum beam divergence of approximately 2 ∘ . The concept opens an attractive alternative to currently used grating structures and is applicable to a wide range of integration platforms.
DOI: 10.1364/oe.456952
Authors: Stefan Singer, Yilin Xu, Sebastian Tobias Skacel, Yiyang Bao, Heiner Zwickel, Pascal Maier, Lukas Freter, Philipp-Immanuel Dietrich, Mathias Kaschel, Christoph Menzel, Sebastian Randel, Wolfgang Freude, Christian Koos
Language: English
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,270
Awards: G102377560, G1291756756, EXC 2082: 3D Designer Materialien, G1949339853, G2178766340, G2870864168, G3587333238, Forschungslabor Mikroelektronik Karlsruhe für Fertigungstechnologien der Hochfrequenzsysteme - ForLab DiFeMiS, G4592487084, G7042531683
OpenAlex ID: W4290888587
FWCI: 0.817
Cites: 22
Cited by: 14
Related to: 10