HIV but Not CMV Replication Alters the Blood Cytokine Network during Early HIV Infection in Men
Year: 2022
Type: book-chapter
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: CMV coinfection contributes to sustained immune activation in people with chronic HIV. In particular, asymptomatic CMV shedding in semen has been associated with increased local and systemic immune activation, even during suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the effect of seminal CMV shedding in people with HIV in the earliest phase of HIV infection is not known. METHODS: Using Luminex, we measured the concentration of 34 cytokines in the blood plasma of sixty-nine men who had sex with men with or without HIV and in subgroups of CMV shedders vs. non-shedders. Differences in blood plasma cytokines between groups were investigated using the multivariate supervised partial least squares discriminant analysis method. RESULTS: Independently of CMV, we found that concentrations of IP-10, MIG, MCP-1, I-TAC 10, IL-16, and MIP-1β were modulated in the earliest phase of HIV infection compared with control individuals without HIV. In people with HIV, there was no difference in blood cytokines among CMV shedders vs. non-shedders. CONCLUSION: In early/acute HIV infection, asymptomatic CMV shedding in semen does not drive additional cytokine changes in blood. Early ART initiation should remain the priority, while the added benefit of CMV suppression during the various stages of HIV infection needs to be further investigated.
Source: Viruses
DOI: 10.3390/v14081833
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,513
Funders: James B. Pendleton Charitable Trust, National Institutes of Health, Center for AIDS Research, University of Washington, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
Awards: G1590720837, Impact of Reproductive Aging On HIV Persistence and Inflammation, The HIV-associated Opioid Micro-Environment (HOME) Project, G3058604781, G3597750622, Primary Infection Resource Consortium (PIRC), Mechanisms of CMV Replication on HIV Persistence, G4663250162, Efficacy of ART to Interrupt HIV Transmission Networks, G5202045387, G5609308970, G6446340258, G8259150102, UC San Diego Clinical and Translational Research Institute, G9000011223, San Diego Center for AIDS Research (SD CFAR), HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, UC San Diego Raising Advancement and Parity for Infectious Disease Researchers (RAPID) Faculty Development Program
OpenAlex ID: W4292575661