Sustainable Pozzolan-Based Geomaterials for Slope Revegetation and Stabilization Applications
Year: 2022
Type: conference-paper
Abstract: first_page settings Order Article Reprints Font Type: Arial Georgia Verdana Font Size: Aa Aa Aa Line Spacing: Column Width: Background: Open AccessAbstract Sustainable Pozzolan-Based Geomaterials for Slope Revegetation and Stabilization Applications † by Sofia Tavares 1, Ana Real 1, Raquel Galante 1,2,*, João Bessa 2,3, Maria João Trota 4, António Trota 5, Fernando Cunha 2,3 and Raúl Fangueiro 2,3 1 Centro de Inovação em Materiais e Produtos Avançados—CIMPA, Rua da Tecnologia k-epsilon 2, 9560-421 Lagoa, Portugal 2 Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fiber-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal 3 Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal 4 Biotechnology Centre of Azores, CBA Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal 5 AÇORGEO—Sociedade de Estudos Geotécnicos, Lda, 9600-059 Ribeira Grande, Portugal * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. † Presented at the Materiais 2022, Marinha Grande, Portugal, 10–13 April 2022. Mater. Proc. 2022, 8(1), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008033 Published: 23 May 2022 (This article belongs to the Proceedings of MATERIAIS 2022) Download Download PDF Download PDF with Cover Download XML Download Epub Versions Notes Slopes created alongside roads, embankments, as well as machine levelling operations for maintenance are a major source of disruption in ecosystems. In fact, several studies have shown that these slopes often fail to recover vegetation for long periods. In this research, several geomaterials formulations, intended for slope revegetation and stabilization, were developed and characterized. The main goal was to develop a sustainable geomaterial (eco-friendly and affordable) to be applied using projection technology, an accessible, affordable, and low-complexity process. A total of 14 formulations were developed for which the following were used as main raw materials: local pozzolanic minerals, lime, gypsum, agar-agar, and luffa fragments. A preliminary study was conducted, using lettuce seeds as a model, to select the formulations with higher compatibility with the germination process. The results showed that the presence of agar-agar, in small amounts, enhanced the germination and growth process. Additionally, the luffa's fibrous cellular components allowed the geomaterial to increase porosity, thus facilitating water drainage. Furthermore, a direct influence of the pH of the medium on the germination process was observed. From these results, two formulations (F10 and F13) were selected to carry out the complete characterization and germination studies with endogenous seeds (Festuca petraea (Bracel-da-rocha; Crithmum maritimum (Perrechil); and Azorina vidalii (Azorina)). Regarding the main technical properties, the setting time, workability, density, mechanical properties, water uptake, and degradation profile were evaluated. The results revealed that both formulations presented suitable workability and consistency properties, similar to those of mortars, confirming the possibility of application by projection. Significant differences in setting time, water uptake, mechanical properties, and degradation time were observed, mainly associated with the distinct compositions (F10: substratct/pozzolan/lime/gypsum/agar-agar; F13–substract/pozzolan/agar-agar). Regarding the endogenous seed germination study, conducted over a 6-week period, it was possible to verify the feasibility of seed germination for both formulations. Nevertheless, Festuca petraea presented a faster germination process (–16 days) and a higher germination rate (~60%). In conclusion, sustainable geomaterials were developed which fulfil the main technical requirements for projection technology, which may contribute to slope revegetation and stabilization, minimizing the disruption of the ecosystem. Author ContributionsConceptualization, R.F. and F.C.; methodology. J.B.; investigation, S.T., A.R., R.G. and M.J.T.; resources, A.T.; writing—original draft preparation, R.G.; writing—review, and editing, R.G. and J.B; supervision, A.T. and F.C.; project administration, R.G. and J.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.FundingThe authors gratefully acknowledge the funding by P2020, under individual project SI I&DT Number: ACORES-01-0247-FEDER-000021.Institutional Review Board StatementNot applicable.Informed Consent StatementNot applicable.Data Availability StatementThe data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.Conflicts of InterestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.Publisher's Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Share and Cite MDPI and ACS Style Tavares, S.; Real, A.; Galante, R.; Bessa, J.; Trota, M.J.; Trota, A.; Cunha, F.; Fangueiro, R. Sustainable Pozzolan-Based Geomaterials for Slope Revegetation and Stabilization Applications. Mater. Proc. 2022, 8, 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008033 AMA Style Tavares S, Real A, Galante R, Bessa J, Trota MJ, Trota A, Cunha F, Fangueiro R. Sustainable Pozzolan-Based Geomaterials for Slope Revegetation and Stabilization Applications. Materials Proceedings. 2022; 8(1):33. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008033 Chicago/Turabian Style Tavares, Sofia, Ana Real, Raquel Galante, João Bessa, Maria João Trota, António Trota, Fernando Cunha, and Raúl Fangueiro. 2022. "Sustainable Pozzolan-Based Geomaterials for Slope Revegetation and Stabilization Applications" Materials Proceedings 8, no. 1: 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008033 Find Other Styles Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here. Article Metrics No No Article Access Statistics Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view.
Source: MATERIAIS 2022
Authors: Sofia Tavares, Ana Real, Raquel Galante, João Bessa, Maria João Trota, António Trota, Fernando Cunha, Raúl Fangueiro
Language: English
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4293062002