Renewable Energy Powered Membrane Process for Removal of Excess Fluoride Ions and Safe Drinking Water Supply in Rural Areas in Senegal
Year: 2022
Type: article
Abstract: The analysis results made on drinking water from the rural areas of Kaolack, Diourbel and Fatick central region of Senegal showed the excess of fluoride and chloride ions.Depending on the area, the fluoride concentration in the water can reach 3.5 mg/L.The values obtained are completely above of WHO (World Health Organization) limits.The objective of this study is to assess the performances of membrane filtration units powered by renewable energies for fluoride and salinity excess removal in remote village in Senegal.Many membrane filtration units have been installed in rural areas of regions such as Kaolack, Fatick and Diourbel.These membrane filtration units are equipped by the LPRO (Low Pressure Reverse Osmosis) membranes with 9 m² of surface.A rejection rate of fluoride and chloride ions obtained is 99.33% and 95.25% respectively.The conversion rates are ranged from 45% to 65%.These results clearly show that membrane processes can be used in Africa, especially in isolated rural areas, with the combination of renewable energies.Currently, more than twenty membrane filtration units are installed in Senegal and provide drinking water of very good quality for populations living in rural areas.The prospect is to expand it on a larger scale, which is already underway, with the construction of a desalination plant in Dakar.
Institutions: Ziguinchor University, Cheikh Anta Diop University
Language: English
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4320019366