Work

Teamwork and Decision Making among Basketball Referees: The 3PO Principle, Refereeing Level, and Experience

Year: 2023

Type: article

Abstract: In this study, the three-person officiating (3PO) principle was employed as an innovative method to examine decision-making (DM) processes among basketball referees. We aimed at exploring whether the ranking, experience, and teamwork among 25 basketball referees could predict accuracy of DM in ambiguous situations taken from basketball games. An analysis of 283 officiating cases taken from 100 filmed games was conducted. The events were then classified by nine experts according to whether the officiating decision was accurate, and which referee (Lead, Centre or Trail) was standing in the main coverage area, as per the 3PO principle, when the decision was made. Our findings indicate that the teamwork (coordination) component was associated with the quality of DM. Of the 283 events, 60 decisions (21%) were not made from the recommended position according to the 3PO principle; 49 of those decisions were incorrect. The findings are discussed from both developmental and instructional perspectives.

Source: Journal of Human Kinetics

DOI: 10.5114/jhk/169439

Authors: Eran Sabag, Ronnie Lidor, Michal Arnon, Elia Morgulev, Michael Bar-Eli

Institutions: Kaye Academic College of Education, Academic College at Wingate, Levinsky-Wingate Academic College, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

Language: English

Topic: Sport Psychology and Performance

Subfield: Developmental and Educational Psychology

Field: Psychology

Domain: Social Sciences

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W4385309059

FWCI: 3.398

Cites: 57

Cited by: 13

Related to: 10