Evaluation of residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) in fresh water and laundry grey water for irrigation usage
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: The current study was carried out to assess the suitability of laundry grey water (LGW) for reuse in irrigation so that it can help in the reduction of freshwater stress in irrigation sector. To address this objective, concentration of sodium (Na + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ), magnesium (Mg 2+ ), carbonate (CO 3 2− ), bicarbonate (HCO 3 − ), and phosphate (PO 4 3− ) were tested in fresh water (FW) collected before laundry washing and LGW generated after laundry washing from different households. The suitability of LGW for irrigation purpose was determined by using water quality indices such as Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC). The SAR values of FW at the rural and urban area sites varied from 0.84 to 1.10 and 0.82 to 4.30 respectively and remained in the excellent category for irrigation purpose. The SAR values of LGW at the rural and urban sites varied from 10.06 to 13.01 and 6.26 to 9.68, respectively. In contrast to the SAR values of the LGW at rural site, which remained under good quality category, SAR values remained under excellent category for irrigation purpose at urban sites. RSC values of FW and LGW were below 3.97 showing low or medium hazards associated with it for irrigation.
Source: Environmental Quality Management
DOI: 10.1002/tqem.22248
Authors: Rajat Khapra, Nirankar Singh
Institution: Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana
Language: English
Subfield: Waste Management and Disposal
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W4398282968