Year: 2023
Type: article
Abstract: The article examines the history of the craft colony Friedenthal, which arose near St. Petersburg in the migration wave of foreign colonists of the first third of the 19th century. It had a special history of foundation and significant differences from other German settlements. For the first time, the history of the Friedenthal colony is viewed through the prism of the history of the Orphanage, new documents are introduced into scientific circulation. The colony became a vivid example of the emergence of bourgeois relations among the German colonists. The emergence of the Friedenthal colony in 1819, in modern terms, was a successful business project. This required a combination of several socio-political and socio-economic conditions. The idea of founding a settlement belonged to the Bergtal weavers, who proposed to organize a settlement on the model of the settlements that existed in their homeland. A plot of land on the outskirts of Tsarskoye Selo, the construction of the first houses with workshops and a loan to acquire settlers was provided by the treasury. The equipment for the manufactory was provided by a compatriot of weavers, a St. Petersburg merchant F. Ude. The issue of labor resources was solved through the involvement of pets of the St. Petersburg Educational Home. The Friedentals set a precedent for the use of pets in all the St. Petersburg German colonies. The colonists were responsible for the maintenance and handicraft and school education of teenagers during their work in Friedenthal. The production of the main products of the colonists (ribbons, cords, braid, other cotton and wool products) successfully developed until the early 1860s, then the decline in production began. In 1859 the issue of pets to Friedenthal weavers stopped. The reason for the termination of the use of pupils was the violation of the conditions of their detention by the colonists, this became a decisive factor for the conversion of the colonists' occupations. An analysis of the experience of manufacturing in Friedenthal leads to the conclusion that its appearance is somewhat premature, exceptional, and therefore there is little prospect. The incident with the pupils was only a reason for the conversion of the colony.
Author: Irina V. Cherkazyanova
Language: English
Topic: Soviet and Russian History
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W4403294114