Emerging Concepts and Success Stories in Type 1 Diabetes Research: A Road Map for a Bright Future
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Type 1 diabetes treatment stands at a crucial and exciting crossroad since the 2022 U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of teplizumab to delay disease development. In this article, we discuss four major conceptual and practical issues that emerged as key to further advancement in type 1 diabetes research and therapies. First, collaborative networks leveraging the synergy between the type 1 diabetes research and care community members are key to fostering innovation, know-how, and translation into the clinical arena worldwide. Second, recent clinical trials in presymptomatic stage 2 and recent-onset stage 3 disease have shown the promise, and potential pitfalls, of using immunomodulatory and/or β-cell protective agents to achieve sustained remission or prevention. Third, the increasingly appreciated heterogeneity of clinical, immunological, and metabolic phenotypes and disease trajectories is of critical importance to advance the decision-making process for tailored type 1 diabetes care and therapy. Fourth, the clinical benefits of early diagnosis of β-cell autoimmunity warrant consideration of general population screening for islet autoantibodies, which requires further efforts to address the technical, organizational, and ethical challenges inherent to a sustainable program. Efforts are underway to integrate these four concepts into the future directions of type 1 diabetes research and therapy.
Source: Diabetes
DOI: 10.2337/db24-0439
Institutions: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Institut Cochin, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis, Helmholtz Munich, Institute of Diabetes Research, KU Leuven, City Of Hope National Medical Center, City of Hope, Beckman Research Institute, University of Florida Health, University of Florida, Breakthrough T1D, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Immunologie - Immunopathologie - Immunothérapie, Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust, Benaroya Research Institute
Language: English
Subfield: Genetics
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, John Templeton Foundation, Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust, European Commission, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Innovative Medicines Initiative, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, JDRF
Awards: G1074056680, G1830076199, Translational approaches to disease modifying therapy of type 1 diabetes - HARVESTing the fruits of INNODIA, G3469411535, Beta cell extracellular vesicles in health and disease, Biomarkers Of Beta Cell Stress In Type 1 Diabetes (BetaMarker), G4052596415, G4261213851, β cell miRNAs Function as Molecular Hubs of Type 1 Diabetes Pathogenesis, G5564421729, G560916241, G5855126841, Mechanisms of Beta Cell Function in Health and Disease, Granules secretory proteins: novel autoimmune targets and biomarkers in type 1 diabetes, Translational approaches to disease modifying therapy of type 1 diabetes: an innovative approach towards understanding and arresting type 1 diabetes – Sofia ref.: 115797, G6569719809, G7888442872, G8075407775, Ultra-low dose of IL-2 for the treatment of recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes, G8459801488, COVID-19 Fund to Retain Clinical Scientists, G8765471636, G9000077114, Interferon Signaling in the T1D Islet Microenvironment, Immune Function and the Progression to Type 1 Diabetes, Diabetes Research Center, Indiana University clinical Center for acute pancreatitis and diabetes clinical research network, Implications of Changes in Islet Exosomal Cargo in Type 1 Diabetes
OpenAlex ID: W4403728579