Work

Synthesis, characterization and application of silicon and titanium nanoparticles to enhance the early development of maize ( Zea mays L.)

Year: 2024

Type: article

Abstract: Nanoparticles of silicon (Si) and titanium (Ti), typically considered non-essential elements, show promise in enhancing fertilizer efficiency and crop performance. This study aimed to synthesize these nanoparticles and evaluate their potential as seed treatments for maize. Using the sol-gel method, Si and Ti nanoparticles were produced and extensively characterized through techniques like X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, surface area analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Their effects on maize were assessed in a randomized experiment with a 2 × 5 factorial design, testing two sources (microparticles and nanoparticles) of Si and Ti at concentrations ranging from 0 to 160 mg L−1. SiO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles, with particle sizes below 50 nm and specific surface areas of 282.3 and 134.8 m2 g−1, respectively, were utilized. Mathematical models did not adequately explain variations in germination rate, abnormal seedlings, non-viable seeds, or biometric parameters in response to these nanoparticles. However, concentrations of 20 or 40 mg L−1 of Si and Ti nanoparticles notably improved maize germination rates, reduced abnormalities and non-viability in seedlings, and enhanced overall plant biometrics. These findings underscore the potential of SiO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles to enhance maize seed germination and growth metrics.

Source: Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science

DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2024.2423649