Radon Removal in XENONnT down to the Solar Neutrino Level
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The XENONnT experiment has achieved an exceptionally low Rn 222 activity concentration within its inner 5.9 tonne liquid xenon detector of ( 0.90 ± 0.02 stat ± 0.07 syst ) μ Bq kg − 1 , equivalent to about 430 Rn 222 atoms per tonne of xenon. This was achieved by active online radon removal via cryogenic distillation after stringent material selection. The achieved Rn 222 activity concentration is 5 times lower than that in other currently operational multitonne liquid xenon detectors engaged in dark matter searches. This breakthrough enables the pursuit of various rare event searches that lie beyond the confines of the standard model of particle physics, with world-leading sensitivity. The ultralow Rn 222 levels have diminished the radon-induced background rate in the detector to a point where it is for the first time comparable to the solar neutrino-induced background, which is poised to become the primary irreducible background in liquid xenon-based detectors.
Source: Physical Review X
DOI: 10.1103/zc1w-88p6
Authors: E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, K. Abe, S. Ahmed Maouloud, L. Althueser, B. Andrieu, E. Angelino, D. Antón Martin, F. Arneodo, L. Baudis, M. Bazyk, L. Bellagamba, R. Biondi, A. Bismark, K. Boese, A. Brown, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, C. Cai, C. Capelli, J. M. R. Cardoso, A. P. Cimental Chávez, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. J. Cuenca-García, V. D’Andrea, L. C. Daniel Garcia, M. P. Decowski, A. Deisting, C. Di Donato, P. Di Gangi, S. Diglio, K. Eitel, S. el Morabit, A. Elykov, A. D. Ferella, C. Ferrari, H. Fischer, T. Flehmke, M. Flierman, W. Fulgione, C. Fuselli, P. Gaemers, R. Gaior, M. Galloway, F. Gao, S. Ghosh, R. Giacomobono, R. Glade-Beucke, L. Grandi, J. Grigat, H. Guan, M. Guida, P. Gyorgy, R. Hammann, A. Higuera, C. Hils, L. Hoetzsch, N. F. Hood, M. Iacovacci, Y. Itow, J. Jakob, F. Joerg, Y. Kaminaga, M. Kara, P. Kavrigin, S. Kazama, P. Kharbanda, M. Kobayashi, D. Koke, A. Kopec, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, L. Levinson, I. Li, S. Li, S. Liang, Z. Liang, Y.-T. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, K. Liu, M. Liu, J. Loizeau, F. Lombardi, J. Long, J. A. M. Lopes, T. Luce, Y. Ma, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, A. Mancuso, L. Manenti, F. Marignetti, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, K. Martens, J. Masbou, E. Masson, S. Mastroianni, A. Melchiorre, J. Merz, M. Messina, A. Michael, K. Miuchi, A. Molinario, S. Moriyama, K. Morå, Y. Mosbacher, M. Murra, J. Müller, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, B. Paetsch, Y. Pan, Q. Pellegrini, R. Peres, C. Peters, J. Pienaar, M. Pierre, G. Plante, T. R. Pollmann, L. Principe, J. Qi, J. Qin, D. Ramírez García, M. Rajado, R. Singh, L. Sanchez, J. M. F. dos Santos, I. Sarnoff, G. Sartorelli, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, P. Schulte, H. Schulze Eißing, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, F. Semeria, P. Shagin, S. Shi, J. Shi, M. Silva, H. Simgen, C. Szyszka, A. Takeda, Y. Takeuchi, P.-L. Tan, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C. D. Tunnell, F. Tönnies, K. Valerius, S. Vecchi, S. Vetter, F. I. Villazon Solar, G. Volta, C. Weinheimer, M. Weiss, D. Wenz, C. Wittweg, V. H. S. Wu, Y. Xing, D. Xu, Z. Xu, M. Yamashita, L. Yang, J. Ye, L. Yuan, G. Zavattini, M. Zhong
Institutions: Columbia University, University of Groningen, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, The University of Tokyo, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules, University of Münster, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, Gran Sasso Science Institute, University of Turin, University of Chicago, New York University Abu Dhabi, University of Zurich, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna, University of Bologna, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, University of Freiburg, Tsinghua University, University of Coimbra, University of Amsterdam, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, University of L'Aquila, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Purdue University West Lafayette, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli, Rice University, University of California San Diego, Nagoya University, Westlake University, Kobe University, University of Ferrara, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Ferrara, Chinese University of Hong Kong
Language: Latvian
Topic: Neutrino Physics Research
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,200
Funders: Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, National Science Foundation, Kavli Foundation, University of Chicago, European Commission, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Weizmann Institute of Science, United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, Tsinghua University, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Helmholtz Association, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Conseil Régional des Pays de la Loire, Tsinghua Initiative Scientific Research Program, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
OpenAlex ID: W4407247192