Work

Case report: The first case of Mpox in a patient with HIV in Burundi

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Introduction: Mpox is a viral disease that primarily affects individuals living in endemic regions. The 2022 outbreak notably impacted HIV-positive individuals, who were disproportionately affected. This report describes the first confirmed case of Mpox in Burundi, involving an HIV-positive patient with advanced disease. The case was confirmed by the national laboratory during the early stages of the 2024 outbreak. Case presentation: A 50-year-old woman presented with pustular and necrotic skin lesions, vulval ulcers, and systemic symptoms. She was diagnosed with HIV upon initial evaluation and, despite an initial misdiagnosis, was ultimately confirmed to have a co-infection of Mpox. Complications included secondary bacterial infection, severe pain, and prolonged healing. Conclusion: HIV coinfection can exacerbate Mpox, leading to severe clinical presentations. Therefore, early recognition and screening for HIV in Mpox patients are essential.

Source: Frontiers in Medicine

DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1536774

Authors: Doriane Sabushimike, Marc Nimburanira, Esther Freeman, Déo Simbarariye, Armel Nzeyimana, Wendemagegn Enbiale

Institutions: Republic of Burundi, Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital, Bahir Dar University

Language: English

Topic: Poxvirus research and outbreaks

Subfield: Virology

Field: Immunology and Microbiology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,801