Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Professional activity is closely related to the presence and level of development of competencies, as well as the transition of professional education to a competency-based approach. The need to adapt all levels of education to focus on competencies, updating competencies for specific professions is associated with changes in the requirements of the labor market, the specifics of professions and other trends of the time. For students, as future specialists in their field, it is extremely necessary to develop competencies characteristic of the future profession, and in the context of rapidly changing realities, of course, regular updating of the list of professional competencies is required. The purpose of the study is to study the history of the emergence of and approaches to the concept of competencies. Our theoretical study was aimed at studying the questions – to what extent the concept of competencies is new and unfamiliar, what its essence echoes, what approaches to understanding competencies have been found in different authors, and so on, how long science has been talking about competencies and what guidelines were before in the field of professional activity. The study revealed that the issue of human abilities for specific professional activities was raised in Ancient Egypt. In the late 19th and mid20th centuries, these issues were actively studied using scientific methods, and professional selection appeared. In the second half of the 20th century, along with the concept of professionally important qualities, the concept of competence appeared, and for a long time they developed and were used in parallel. The development of humanity in the 21st century required changes, and competencies came to the fore at the state level and were included in regulatory documents on professional education. However, the concept and list of competencies are not static and undergo changes and clarifications. The labor market is very dynamic and dictates its own rules, progressive technologies change approaches to many professions – all this obliges us to revise the list of competencies of future professionals to ensure their relevance in this changing world.
Authors: О.О. Shalamova, G.V. Shalamov
Language: English
Domain: Social Sciences
SDG: Quality education
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4410310035