No Tanks, Just Tankers. India-Russia Cooperation in 2022-2025
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This article discusses the India-Russia cooperation since the beginning of Moscow’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 till the present day (July 2025). This cooperation still rests on two sectors: energy and defence. When it comes to the latter, the article concludes that since 2022, this cooperation has been strengthened by gaining a new aspect: the exports of Russian petroleum crude to India. However, India’s defence cooperation with Russia is steadily shrinking and the effects of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine have quickened this process. Russia is not only losing a lot of its own equipment in Ukraine, but gradually has less advanced military products to offer to India – particularly after the Russian industry was cut off from the access to Western advanced semiconductors as a result of the sanctions. Thus, in the long-term perspective, the Russian invasion of Ukraine has likely accelerated the collapse of Russian arms export to India.
Author: Krzysztof Iwanek
Language: English
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,294
OpenAlex ID: W4416441024