Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Introduction: Urinary bladder abnormalities result in significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. Cystoscopy, a commonly employed method for identifying lower urinary tract abnormalities, has its own limitations. Histopathology has been proved to be gold standard for effective typing, staging, and assessing the microscopic infiltration in malignant cases. The present study was thus undertaken to examine urinary bladder biopsy samples obtained after cystoscopy and to compare the cystoscopic findings with those of histopathology. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective observational, study including hundred urinary bladder biopsies conducted with cystoscopic guidance at a tertiary care hospital over a one-year period. Results: Out of the total one hundred biopsies, 24 showed non-neoplastic conditions, while 76 were neoplastic on histopathological examination. Among the non-cancerous lesions there were 4 cases of follicular cystitis, 4 of tuberculous cystitis, 1 of eosinophilic cystitis, 4 of cystitis cystica, 7 of squamous metaplasia, two each of nephrogenic metaplasia amyloidosis. The neoplastic category (76/100) included papilloma, papillary neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUNLMP), urothelial carcinomas adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas and, small cell carcinoma. Muscle invasion was observed in 12 cases, and vascular invasion in 7 cases. The final diagnosis was achieved using histopathology. Conclusion: Cystoscopic and histopathological analysis complement each other in evaluating bladder abnormalities, however histology remains the gold standard in arriving at the final diagnosis.
Authors: Ranjan Agrawal, Jyoti Singh, Anurag Srivastava
Language: English
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4417422136