Year: 2013
Type: dissertation
Study design: Clinical Trial
Abstract: We undertook a randomized, double-blind, crossover study in 14 healthy women who were required to ingest a 6-day low protein diet supplemented with CaSR-AAA (calcium-sensing receptor-activating amino acids), DAA (dibasic amino acids) or methylcellulose capsules (control). All subjects ingested all three diets in random order. Prior to each experimental diet subjects consumed an 11 day adjustment diet. Calcium absorption was measured on day 5 of each dietary intervention using dual-stable calcium isotopes. The clinical trial tested the hypothesis that dietary protein affects the efficiency of intestinal calcium absorption by activating the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR). Supplementation with CaSR-AAA did not significantly increase Ca absorption. However, a trend towards improved Ca absorption was observed with DAA (25.2±1.4% vs. 22.3±1.4%, P=0.094).\nTo further elucidate the mechanisms by which dietary protein improves Ca absorption, we established and validated a 45Ca in vitro transport model. Differentiated Caco-2 cells were exposed to different concentrations of amino acids for 6 and 72 hours. Prolonged amino acid treatment significantly enhanced total transepithelial Ca transport (P=0.0048).\nSubsequent in vitro studies utilized our recently validated transport model and focused on the functional role of Cldn-2 in total transepithelial Ca transport. Cldn-2 is a tight junction protein that was previously shown to be upregulated by dietary protein in rats. Total transepithelial Ca transport was significantly reduced when Cldn-2 was stably knocked down in Caco-2 cells (P< 0.0001). The contribution of Cldn-2 to amino acid-induced increases in Ca transport will be explored in future studies.
Author: Jessica Bihuniak
Language: English
Topic: Vitamin D Research Studies
Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W680847