Work

The relationship between neutropenia and disease prognosis in patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the frequency of neutropenia in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and investigate its relationship with disease prognosis. METHODS: Data from 84 patients diagnosed with CVID and followed between 2019 and 2024 at the Department of Adult Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Necmettin Erbakan University, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of neutropenia. Demographic data, clinical findings, laboratory parameters, and survival rates were compared. Statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney U test, the Chi-square test, and the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS: A total of 84 patients diagnosed with CVID were included in the study, with a median age of 38 years (range, 20-79 years). Of the participants, 48.8% were females (n = 41). Neutropenia was observed in 28.5% of patients (n = 24). The most common presenting complaints included autoimmune cytopenias, such as anemia and thrombocytopenia. Compared to non-neutropenic patients (n = 60), those with neutropenic CVID had a significantly higher mortality rate (33.3% vs 6.7%, P = 0.004). According to Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the 8-year survival rates were 57.5 and 92.5% for neutropenic and for non-neutropenic CVID patients (p < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that neutropenia in CVID patients may be more than just a hematological issue; it could also serve as an important clinical marker associated with increased mortality. Recognizing and closely monitoring neutropenia is essential for effective CVID management.

Source: Allergologia et Immunopathologia

DOI: 10.15586/aei.v54i1.1489