Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Decorative architectural ironwork is a significant yet often overlooked component of Cebu’s built heritage. This study examines the evolution of ironwork across four historical periods in Cebu, namely the Spanish Colonial, American Colonial, Post-War, and Contemporary eras. Through systematic documentation and comparative analysis of iron elements in ecclesiastical, residential, institutional, and commercial structures, the research analyzes materials, motifs, architectural styles, and occupancy status to identify patterns of continuity and change. Results indicate the sustained dominance of cast iron across all periods due to its durability and adaptability, with material diversification emerging in the Contemporary period through the use of steel and tin sheet. Motif analysis reveals a shift from ornate floral designs during the Spanish Colonial period to geometric and functional patterns in the American Colonial era, followed by restrained applications in the Post-War period and heritage-oriented revival in contemporary structures. Architectural styles similarly reflect broader socio-political influences, transitioning from Spanish Colonial and Baroque forms to American Neo-Classic, Art Deco, and later hybrid expressions. The study further establishes a strong relationship between occupancy status and conservation condition, with actively used structures exhibiting better preservation outcomes. This finding aligns with UNESCO and National Historical Commission of the Philippines principles that emphasize continued use as a key factor in sustainable heritage conservation. Overall, architectural ironwork in Cebu functions as a material record of historical continuity and evolving cultural values, underscoring the need for policy-based conservation and systematic documentation.
Institution: Cebu Technological University
Language: English
Subfield: Archeology (arts and humanities)
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W7118198531