Work

Diagnostic relevance of platelet indices in quantitative platelet disorders: a cross-sectional study

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Background and objectives. Mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) are cost-effective markers of platelet activation and morphology. Their diagnostic relevance in differentiating quantitative platelet disorders requires better clinical validation. Objective. To compare platelet indices in thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis and identify distinct patterns among their etiological subtypes. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, from November 2022 to April 2024. Ninety adults were included: thrombocytopenia (n = 45) and thrombocytosis (n = 45). Thrombocytopenia cases were subclassified into hyperdestructive (n = 30) and hypoproductive (n = 15). Thrombocytosis cases were subclassified into primary (n = 9) and reactive (n = 36). Platelet indices were measured using the Mindray BC-6000 analyzer on day 1 and day 3. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v25, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results. Hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia was most often linked to dengue fever (56.7%). Hypoproductive thrombocytopenia was commonly associated with iron deficiency anemia (26.7%). Primary thrombocytosis included cases of chronic myeloid leukemia and polycythemia vera, whereas reactive thrombocytosis was mainly secondary to iron deficiency anemia and infection. MPV, PDW, and P-LCR were significantly higher in hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia and primary thrombocytosis (p < 0.05). PCT was initially low in thrombocytopenia but increased significantly by day 3. Conclusion. Platelet indices support the differentiation of hyperdestructive versus hypoproductive thrombocytopenia and primary versus reactive thrombocytosis. Incorporating these parameters into routine testing may guide clinical decisions while reducing the need for invasive investigations.

Source: Romanian Medical Journal

DOI: 10.37897/rmj.2025.4.17

Authors: Ajitha Rajalingam, Divya Dinesh, Lakshmipathy Santhanagopal, Anbumozhi Madurai Kannan

Institution: Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute

Language: English

Topic: Platelet Disorders and Treatments

Subfield: Hematology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $192