A Comprehensive Mathematical Modeling Approach to Assessing Typhoid Fever Transmission Dynamics
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This paper presents a mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of typhoid fever, incorporating both human and insect populations to analyze disease progression and control strategies. The model divides the population into susceptible, exposed, infected, carrier, vaccinated, and recovered compartments, exploring disease transmission across human-to human, insect-to-human, and insect-to-insect pathways. Stability analysis is performed to examine the existence of disease-free and endemic equilibria, and the basic reproduction number R0 is derived using the next generation matrix approach. Numerical simulations are conducted to illustrate the behavior of the system over time, confirming that when R0 < 1, the disease-free equilibrium is globally stable, leading to disease eradication. However, when R0 > 1, the system shifts to an endemic equilibrium, maintaining persistent infection. Sensitivity analysis highlights. key parameters, such as contact rates and recovery rates, that significantly influence disease dynamics. The results suggest that effective vaccination, improved sanitation, and insect control measures are critical for reducing the spread of typhoid fever. This model provides a valuable framework for understanding typhoid transmission and guiding public health interventions.
Institution: Abiola Ajimobi Technical University Ibadan
Language: English
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7125578092