New Formulations of Fertilization for Improving the Chemical Composition of Leaves and Clusters, and Enhancing Resistance to Low Temperatures in Two Grapevine Cultivars
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This research aimed to determine the effects of soil and foliar fertilization on the chemical composition of the leaves and clusters of the grapevine cultivars ‘Afus Ali’ and ‘Cardinal’, which were grown in the Tikves vineyard area of North Macedonia. In November, during the basic cultivation of the soil, NPK fertilizer (10-20-30) was applied at a rate of 500 kg per hectare. Foliar fertilization was carried out using solutions of NPK fertilizer (18-9-27 + 2MgO + ME) at concentrations of 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, and 1.5%, with each treatment corresponding to a rate of 1000 mg/kg Fe, 200 mg/kg B, 150 mg/kg Zn, 500 mg/kg Mn, 56 mg/kg Mo, and 110 mg/kg Cu. Four foliar treatments were applied during the growing season: 15 days before and 15 days after flowering and during the grain growth and veraison phases. Analyses of the soil samples revealed a neutral pH value, medium fertility with available nitrogen and phosphorus, and good fertility with available potassium. The different concentrations of foliar fertilization positively influenced the chemical composition of both leaves and clusters. Statistically significant (p<0.05) increases in all examined parameters were observed compared to the control area. In the leaves of both grapevine cultivars, higher (p<0.05) contents of nitrogen (2.38% for ‘Afus Ali’ and 2.55% for ‘Cardinal’), phosphorus (1.75% and 2.12%), and potassium (1.57% and 1.69%) were found. For the clusters, the nitrogen content was 1.49% for ‘Afus Ali’ and 0.98% for ‘Cardinal’, phosphorus content was 0.69% and 0.72%. Potassium content was 1.12% and 1.03%, respectively, in variant 4, treated with NPK 10-20-30 plus a 1.2% solution of NPK 18-9-27 + 2MgO + ME. In variant 3, which involved NPK 10-20-30 and a 0.8% solution of NPK 18-9-27 + 2MgO + ME, the content of calcium in the leaves was 2.93% for ‘Afus Ali’ and 2.73% for ‘Cardinal’, while magnesium levels were 0.86% and 0.71%, respectively. For the clusters, the calcium content was 1.57% and 1.73%, and magnesium levels were 0.40% and 0.51% for the two cultivars.
Language: English
Subfield: Plant Science
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Zero hunger
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W7125629596