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The Emerging Role of Three-Dimensional-Printed Skin and Bone Grafts in Reconstructive Surgery: Innovations for Hand, Otolaryngology, and Post-Mohs Defect Repair

Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) printing has become incorporated into many aspects of medicine, especially in the field of reconstructive surgery.Some 3D printing technology has seen a rapid development in the bioengineering of skin grafts and bone grafts tailored for complex anatomical defects.This literature review explores the current applications and potential of 3D-printed skin and bone grafts in the reconstruction of defects following orthopedic hand trauma, head and neck surgeries, and post-Mohs micrographic surgery for skin cancer.This review investigates the possibilities of scaffold design, cell seeding, and integration of various growth factors to enhance graft survival and function.Particular limitations and challenges exist, such as translating laboratory advances into clinical practice.This review illustrates that 3D-printed skin and bone grafts can help improve both aesthetic and functional outcomes in many surgical fields, but further research is still necessary to establish widespread adoption. The Emerging Role of Three-Dimensional-Printed Skin and Bone Grafts in Reconstructive Surgery: Innovations for Hand, Otolaryngology, and Post-Mohs Defect Repair
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7127065433
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