Carbon balance for cultivation of winter wheat varieties on typical chernozem soil of the left-bank of Forest-Steppe zone
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The research method was to establish the carbon balance in crops of different varieties of winter wheat based on the carbon output in the total biomass of plants and the intensity of CO2 release from the surface soil during the growing season to obtain an ecological assessment of its cultivation and impact on the environment. Methods. Field, laboratory, variational statistics. Results. The yield of dry biomass (grain, straw, root residues) in winter wheat crops of different varieties was 12.6-17.1 t/ha. It was higher in the varieties Efektna and Viktoriya Poliska (16.3-17.1 t/ha), as well as the carbon output (7.17-7.52 t/ha). The intensity of CO2 release in different phases of winter wheat vegetation and the period of the day largely depended on the phase of plant development and air temperature. At night it is 17-21% lower than during the day. In April it was the lowest (2.31-2.51 kg/ha per year), in grass it increased (up to 3.76-4.38 kg/ha), in June it decreased slightly (up to 3.52-4.05 kg/ha), and in July it increased sharply to 6.03-6.49 kg/ha per year. A similar dependence was observed for CO2 release during the plant development phase and the months of vegetation. Winter wheat crops absorb more carbon during the vegetation process than they release during respiration and the intensity of the activity of the soil microflora. The carbon balance in winter wheat crops during the vegetation period for all varieties is positive and amounts to 2.34-4.45 t/ha. The highest carbon balance indicators (3.95-4.45 t/ha) were obtained in crops of intensive new winter wheat varieties Efektna and Viktoriya Poliska. Conclusions. In winter wheat crops during the vegetation period, more carbon is absorbed by plants than is released into the atmosphere. The best carbon balance is in the intensive varieties Efektna and Viktoriya Poliska (3.95-4.45 t/ha). During the day, the intensity of CO2 release from the soil surface is 17-21% higher than at night. It also varies by plant development phases and vegetation months. During the winter wheat dosing period, the intensity of carbon release from the soil surface increases sharply, which indicates the free constant maintenance of the base under the vegetative vegetation.
Language: English
Subfield: Soil Science
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7127928796