Impact of Childhood Obesity on Blood Pressure and Early Kidney Injury Markers Among School Going Children
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background: Childhood obesity is rising globally and is strongly associated with early-onset hypertension and renal dysfunction. Identifying these complications at an early stage is essential to prevent long-term morbidity. Aim: To determine the prevalence of hypertension and early renal changes among overweight and obese schoolaged children and assess the association between BMI category and hypertension. Methods: This prospective observational study included 115 children aged 6–14 years at government Medical College, Mulugu (January–August 2025). BMI percentiles were classified using WHO charts. Blood pressure was measured as per AAP 2017 guidelines. Urine albumin–creatinine ratio assessed microalbuminuria, and renal ultrasound evaluated structural abnormalities. Data were analyzed using t-tests, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression. Results: Elevated BP was observed in 20.9% of children, while Stage 1 and Stage 2 hypertension were present in 17.4% and 7.0%, respectively. Microalbuminuria occurred in 16.5%, and 10.4% showed increased cortical echogenicity on ultrasound. Obesity was significantly associated with hypertension (p = 0.004), with obese children showing threefold higher risk. Conclusion: Excess adiposity in school children is strongly linked with hypertension and early renal changes. Early screening, lifestyle interventions, and nephrology involvement are essential for prevention.
Institution: Kakatiya Medical College
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W7132820522