Work

Spatio-spectral light-by-light moulding in multimode fibre

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Controlling complex light waves to achieve desired behaviours or characteristics on demand presents a significant challenge. This task becomes even more complicated when manipulating speckled light beams, owing to their inherently fuzzy intensity and phase structures. Here we demonstrate that a weak speckled second-harmonic signal in a multimode graded-index fibre can be manipulated via its conservative interaction with a high-power co-propagating fundamental pump wave. Specifically, the spatial quality of the signal can be either enhanced or degraded by varying the pump’s power or its modal distribution. The underlying physical mechanism is the optically induced mode conversion that can be controlled by the pump beam shape. This phenomenon enables new possibilities to manipulate complex light in nonlinear multimode waveguides. A striking example of this novel light-by-light control is the experimentally observed enhancement or partial suppression of the visible Raman Stokes cascade regulated by the second harmonic beam, while modulated by the mode power distribution of the fundamental beam. In this work, a weak light beam propagating along a multimode fibre has its shape modified by a high-power co-propagating guided beam at a different wavelength. Such optical-induced modal coupling can be utilised to modify and control of an optical beam shape along a multimode fibre.

Source: Nature Communications

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-70057-3