Work

Process Optimization and Mechanical Characterization of Stainless Steel 312 Alloy Components Fabricated by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Abstract—Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) is an emerging metal additive manufacturing technique offering high deposition rates and cost-effective production for large-scale metal components. This study employs WAAM to fabricate Stainless Steel 312 (SS312) components and systematically investigates the influence of key process parameters—wire feed speed, travel speed, arc current, and interpass temperature—on mechanical and microstructural outcomes. A Design of Experiments (DoE) approach identifies the optimal parameter combinations that minimize defects such as porosity, cracking, and lack of fusion. Mechanical characterization encompasses tensile testing, yield strength measurement, elongation analysis, and microstructural examination via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results demonstrate that optimized WAAM parameters yield a uniform duplex microstructure, reduced internal defects, and mechanical properties comparable to wrought SS312, confirming WAAM as a viable manufacturing route for high-performance components in aerospace, marine, and energy applications. Keywords—Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM), Stainless Steel 312, Process Optimization, Mechanical Characterization, SEM Analysis, Tensile Properties, Design of Experiments.

Source: INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

DOI: 10.55041/ijsrem58070

Authors: .R. MEIYAZHAGAN, Cheri Praveen, Vinithkumar S, Ragul G, Tamilvanan T

Institution: Paavai Engineering College

Language: English

Topic: Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes

Subfield: Mechanical Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Industry, innovation and infrastructure

Open Access status: hybrid

OpenAlex ID: W7140179205