Síndrome Do Desconforto Respiratório Neonatal: Manejo Com Surfactante E Estratégias De Suporte Ventilatório
Year: 2026
Type: book-chapter
Abstract: Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (NRDS) is one of the leading causes of respiratory failure in newborns, particularly in preterm infants, and is associated with pulmonary immaturity and surfactant deficiency. Despite advances in neonatal care, NRDS remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality during the neonatal period. This chapter aimed to analyze, through a narrative literature review, the management of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, with emphasis on the use of exogenous surfactant and ventilatory support strategies. The literature search was conducted in the PubMed, SciELO, ScienceDirect, and LILACS databases, including studies published between 2010 and 2024. The findings indicate that early and judicious administration of surfactant improves pulmonary mechanics, reduces the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation, and decreases the incidence of respiratory complications. In addition, less invasive ventilatory strategies, such as nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and non-invasive ventilation, have proven effective in stabilizing respiratory function in newborns with mild to moderate conditions. It is concluded that the integration of rational surfactant use and appropriate selection of ventilatory support is essential to optimize clinical outcomes and reduce respiratory sequelae in newborns with NRDS.
Institution: Universidade de Marília
Language: English
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
OpenAlex ID: W7142019141