Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: COPD is considered a global problem, predicted to become the third leading cause of death and the fifth leading cause of disease by 2030. The impact of COPD, both diagnosed and undiagnosed, goes beyond health consequences and includes significant economic problems. The absence of symptoms of the disease, their insufficient and non-specific manifestations in the early stages of the disease lead to insufficient and untimely diagnosis. COPD is a disease associated with changes in the airways of the lungs caused by an inflammatory reaction of macrophages, eosinophils, neutrophils, epithelial cells, which begins long before the first clinical symptoms of the disease appear. Detection of changes in specific biomarkers in body fluids, such as oral fluid, blood serum, sputum can be used for early detection of the disease, when there is still time to delay, prevent or reverse damage to organs and tissues, and at the early stages of COPD formation to monitor the patient’s condition. The search for the optimal way to solve this problem was the reason for this literature review.
Authors: Tatyana H. Hardziyevich, A. V. Ishchanka
Institution: Vitebsk State Medical University
Language: English
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7143413974