Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Introduction: Sweetened condensed whole milk (SCM) is a highly demanded product among consumers and processing plants. The study of temperature profiles is essential for optimizing its logistics under extreme temperature conditions to prevent quality defects and minimize costs associated with specialized transport when delivering to regions with hot climates and the Far North, considering the absolute temperature range in Russia, which is approximately 90°C. Previously, this aspect of transportation had not been studied. The maximum allowable storage temperature for the product was set at 25°C, while the minimum temperature was not regulated. Purpose: To investigate the temperature profiles of SCM in transport packaging under various ambient conditions. Materials and Methods : A simulation of the heating and cooling processes of SCM in transport packaging, modeled as a one-dimensional multilayer system, was conducted. To describe heat transfer within the temperature ranges of 5°C to 35°C and 5°C to -35°C, a system of differential equations was formulated, with specified initial and boundary conditions. Results: According to the proposed model, the duration of heating SCM from 5°C to 35°C is 36.7 hours, while cooling from 5°C to -35°C takes 41.1 hours. Based on the study results, software was developed to calculate the duration of SCM temperature changes depending on the initial and final ambient temperatures. Conclusion: A new approach has been developed for theoretically predicting the duration of temperature changes in SCM within transport packaging during storage and transportation. This approach can be utilized in specialized business software solutions for logistics route planning, transportation cost estimation, and consideration of ambient conditions during shipping. Additionally, the proposed solution can be adapted for other food products.
Source: FOOD METAENGINEERING
Language: English
Subfield: Computational Mechanics
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7147399486