Design of bio-oriented construction materials based on environmentally safe biodegradable composites made from renewable biopolymers and organic waste
Year: 2026
Type: conference-paper
Abstract: The article discusses the development of environmentally safe building biocomposites based on renewable biopolymers and organic waste. The use of reed and hemp stem waste as fillers in a bioplastic matrix containing polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate, corn starch, and polylactide was investigated. Qualitative and elemental analysis of the waste was conducted, which showed the similarity of their chemical composition and differences in the content of volatile substances and moisture. Microscopic studies revealed different particle morphology: reed has a rigid needle-like structure, and hemp has a fibrous one. Structural and technological characteristics of the fillers were determined, including the volumetric filling ratio, porosity, and friction index. The results showed that reed prevails in terms of compaction and filling compared to hemp. Both of the investigated fillers belong to materials with very low flow characteristics, it is crushed reed stalk waste that prevails over crushed hemp stalk waste in terms of volume filling coefficient, void volume, compaction, and friction index. Optimization studies have established that the best mechanical properties of composites are achieved with a reed content of 50% by weight. In this case, the impact strength is about 22.5 kJ/m 2 , and the bending strength is 110 MPa. The proposed biocomposites are characterized by low environmental impact and are suitable for the manufacture of building elements. The results obtained confirm the prospects of using agricultural waste for the creation of bio-oriented building technologies.
Language: English
Subfield: Polymers and Plastics
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7166014266