Probing the toxicity and other health effects of selected neonicotinoid insecticides
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Neonicotinoids are effective against several agricultural pests that may severely harm plants and reduce yields (almost 90% of neonicotinoids are used in seed treatment) and almost 120 countries reported neonicotinoids at the global level and their market volume was predicted to be 8.37 billion by 2032. In this research work, the toxicity and other health effects of selected neonicotinoid insecticides were determined through a computational study, which employed the ProTox-3.0 web server. For ADME analysis, the SwissADME server was utilized. As a result, oral toxicity, organ toxicity (hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity) and toxicity endpoints (carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity and mutagenicity) were calculated by ProTox-3.0 and various features like physicochemical, pharmacokinetics, lipophilicity and bioavailability radar were obtained by utilizing SwissADME. Our findings revealed that imidaclothiz was considered safer comparatively as it belongs to class 5, although, was found active in organ toxicity, shown by ProTox-3.0 results and ADME analysis of imidaclothiz also suggested that this compound did not act as a cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibitor, exhibiting fine pharmacokinetic features. It was concluded by ProTox3.0 results that most of the chosen compounds were carcinogenic (cancer-causing), mutagenic and respiratory toxic and acquired high GI absorption and oral bioavailable revealed by the SwissADME web server. Experimental validation is needed to further assess their effects on human health.
Language: English
Subfield: Toxicology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7166298024