Evaluation The Level of Osteocalcin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in A Sample of Iraqi Patients with and without Osteoporosis
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background Osteoporosis (OP) is a common bone illness that affects people worldwide and is characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and deteriorated bone tissues, making the bones fragile. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) characterized by hyperglycemia, accounts for about 90% of all diabetes cases worldwide. Osteocalcin (OC) is a small bone-specific non-collagen protein produced by osteoblasts and it is a sensitive marker of bone formation. A small proportion of OC is released into the circulation and plays a role in fat and glucose metabolism.Objective To Evaluate of the serum level of OC in T2DM patient with and without OC, healthy people and to investigate their ability to differentiate between the studied groups.Methods This observational case-control study involved 120 adult patients between (30-70) years old of both sexes (male and female), divided into four groups (30 patients with OP), (30 patients with T2DM), (30 patients with OP and T2DM (OPDM)) and (30 healthy people). This study was conducted in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the College of Medicine at Al-Nahrain University in conjunction with the X-ray department in Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City in the period from November 2023 to March 2024. The practical part was done in a private laboratory.Results The median serum levels of OC were significantly higher in the T2DM, OP, and OPDM groups. OC showed promise as a biomarker for diagnosing both OP and T2DM, either alone or combined (OPDM). It demonstrates good differentiation between these conditions and the healthy control group with area under the curve values ranging from 0.886 to 0.976. OC offers high sensitivity (90% accuracy in identifying OPDM and DM), its specificity is moderate (83.3% accuracy in excluding OPDM and DM).Conclusion OC may have the potential to be used as an indicator of metabolic derangement in OP and T2DM. Also, it may be used as a biomarker for diagnosing patients with OP.Keywords Osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteocalcin, bone mineral density.
DOI: 10.22578/he48dj88
Institution: Nahrain University
Language: English
Subfield: Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7166330667