Neurological Manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in Hospitalized Adults During the 2023–2024 French Epidemic, Clinical Characterization and Comparative Outcomes: A Multicenter Study
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) primarily causes respiratory infections but can lead to neurological manifestations. This study aimed to characterize these manifestations in adults during an epidemic. Methods The national MYCADO cohort included 1309 adults hospitalized with MP infection during the 2023–2024 French epidemic. An ancillary study identified and described MP-related central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous system manifestations. Data were retrospectively extracted from medical records, with clinical follow-up up to 3 months after discharge. Results Twenty-eight patients with neurological manifestations attributable to MP were identified (2.1% of the cohort). Of these, 19 affected the CNS, including encephalitis (n = 8), myelitis (n = 3), encephalo-myelitis (n = 2), isolated meningitis (n = 6), and cerebral vasculitis (n = 1). Nine involved the PNS: Guillain-Barré syndrome (n = 6), peripheral polyneuropathy (n = 2), and multifocal neuropathy (n = 1). The median age (interquartile range) was 35 years (29–49) years; 60.7% were men. Neurological symptoms appeared a median of 7 days after MP infection onset. Nearly half (46.4%, n = 13) required intensive care; neurological failure was the leading cause of intensive care unit transfer (12/13, 92.3%). Compared with MP patients without neurological manifestations, those with neurological involvement had longer hospital stays (13 vs 9 days; P < .001), more frequent invasive mechanical ventilation (35.7% vs 4.2%; P < .001), and more rehabilitation transfers (42.8% vs 4.3%; P < .001). At discharge, neurological sequelae were present in 47.3% of CNS patients and all Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patients. At 3 months, sequelae persisted in 36.8% of CNS patients and all GBS patients. Conclusions In adults, MP infection causes rare but diverse and frequently severe neurological manifestations that worsen clinical course and result in long-term disability.
Source: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofag406
Authors: Matthieu Holub, Ariane Gavaud, Céline Louapre, Alexandre Bleibtreu, Morgane Mailhe, Francois Goehringer, Gwenael Le Moal, Louis Bohard, Anne Sophie Lecompte, Marine Avenel, Charlotte Wemmert, David Luque Paz, Victor Gerber, Amélie Dureault, Yannick Fedun, Pierre Girardie, Natacha Mrozek, Sophie Leautez-Nainville, Annabelle Pourbaix, Marion Le Marechal, David Lebeaux, Charles Cazanave, Valérie Pourcher, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Romain Palich, MYCADO Study Group, T Allègre, T Boyer Chammard, D Poitrenaud, L Federici, C Giannesini, A Merlet, T Fraisse, S Abid, H Mehawej, A Dinh, C Duran, A Roux, C Andrejak, D Basille, S Devaux, V Dubee, T Lecerck, E Bernard, H Pailhories, P Jaubert, S Blanc, S Mugnier, D Vignes, C Caruba Guillet, A Boukraa, L Corti, M Dubert, R Prin, S valainathan, S Clapin, S De Monteynard, H Delagreverie, S Branger, M Ranaivoarison, M Touzet, A Kolakowska, A Maka, H Fiette, C Vinclair, D Leyssene, A Lefort, V De Lastours, A Hamon, C Chirouze, K Jeannot, R Anxionnat, G Piton, V Westeel, S Jaureguiberry, E Oliosi, G Cuzon, V Baltes, T Goulenok, N Dobremel, N Maataoui, S Lo, Q Lehingrat, M Thy, B Lioger, C Delerue, G Vial, L Barthod, P Perreau, M Puges, P Mercié, P Duffau, N Gensous, A Tran-Minoui, L Pilorge, S Rolland, M Gousseff, T Guy, P Barsi, A Cady, M Dupré Coussemacq, M Cariou, L Cabaret, L D'arco, M Le Saux, A Lorleac'h, S Deshayes, F Rivière, S Dargère, B Martha, C François-Xavier, A Fillon, B Podac, L Zuccini, G Gauthier, A Chagrin, C Desbresses, D Martineau, M Berthomier, E Baharetha, L Gibold, C Charlier, A Tazi, M Lachatre, E Holeindre, L Mouthon, N Roche, M Martinot, T Lemmet, M Wolf, A Lecapitaine, O Raulin, A Froissart, I Jarrin, M Smati, M Cheminet, V Zeller, J London, C Devloo, B Membrey, P Declercq, J Rigaud, I Cherfi, C Leroux, K Laskowski, A Goux, M Le Flohic, A Hébert, J Buron, C Caille, L Tancray, P Mauron, N Faucon, S Péchuzal, N Rozdolska, P Hauss, C Gatey, F Chemouni, A Korchi, J Igual, A Curie, M Meghadecha, M Bellefleur, M Colombier, C Goyard, E Farfour, A Cabié, O Cabras, B Bigeard, S Abel, V Ronin, F Quenard, K Guitteaud, R Sehouane, R Barruet, M Bachir, S Khaled, A Carrer-Causeret, H Essalmi, S Cossec, A Ponnin, N El-Zeenni, E Garneret, J Cattelan, M Delfino, O Keller, V Prelipcean, O Vollmer, A Bertaux, A Houist, C Guillaud, J Chezel, C Mollière, J Schmidt, L Gilardin, A Munier, C Bouchereine, R Amarsy, S Brodeur, F Hammad, F Dangeul-Potier, A Kaboure, A Beaudron, K Blanckaert, F Vuotto, M Brasseur, J Poissy, M Lambert, O Lerouzic, M Titecat, A Loic, B Bailly, G Grouteau
Institutions: Inserm, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Institut Pierre Louis d‘Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Nancy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Centre Hospitalier de Valence, Centre hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, Hôpital Foch, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Université de Toulouse, Université Paris Cité, Hôtel-Dieu de Paris
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,053
OpenAlex ID: W7167488478