Automated Dual-Battery Switching and Real Time Monitoring System for Electric Vehicles
Year: 2026
Type: conference-paper
Abstract: Electric vehicle is powered by electric motor and battery packs instead of fossil fuel which causes pollution due to combustion. Efficient use of battery is important in electric vehicles and laboratory scale systems, where small battery systems are commonly used due to cost and hardware constraints. To address uneven battery discharge without depending on complex or expensive battery management systems, this project presents a cost-efficient dual battery switching and real time voltage monitoring system using ESP32 micro controller. This project continuously measures the voltage of two 12v battery packs through anolog sensing circuits and automatically connects the battery with the higher voltage battery to the load using relay-based switching. A 12v permanent magnet DC motor is used as the load instead of electric vehicle in real time. This project was conducted in small scale laboratory conditions where, the battery gives constant voltage which helps in smooth switching battery without interrupting the motor operation and also the discharge of battery is smooth. The real time monitoring of voltage will give the observation of the battery state of charge. From this project we can observe that by using this approach we can manage battery usage effectively and also, we can reduce the risk of deep discharge using simple and control logic.
Authors: Narendra K.S., Neethi M.
Institution: JSS Science and Technology University
Language: English
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7167599080