Features of the morphological structure of the gingiva in the projection of dental implants after autoplasty
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Clinical Trial
Abstract: Objective: To analyze morphological changes in gingival tissue following autoplasty in the area of dental implants. Material and Methods: A prospective study with histopathological analysis of gingival mucosa biopsies was conducted in 50 patients (22 men, 28 women; age 37-64 years) who received dental treatment from December 2020 to June 2023. Patients were randomized into two groups: control group (n=22) received treatment with apically repositioned split-thickness mucosal flap; test group (n=28) underwent a combined approach using free gingival graft from the maxillary tuberosity area. Morphological examination was performed using a Leica DMD 108 microscope. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10. Results: Morphological analysis showed a well-differentiated structure of papillary and reticular layers of the gingiva. The “thick” biotype is characterized by gingival thickness of 1.5-2.0 mm. In the control group after 6 months, peri-implant tissue thickness decreased to 0.9 [0.7; 1.1] mm versus 1.4 [1.2; 1.6] mm in the main group (p<0.001). Mucositis frequency was 68.2% in the control versus 28.6% in the test group (p=0.006). A strong negative correlation was found between gingival thickness and inflammatory complications frequency (rs=-0.72; p<0.001). Conclusions: Insufficient width of the gingival component compromises the protective barrier of underlying tissues. The use of autografts allows for the maintenance of gingival thickness at “medium” biotype level and reduces the incidence of inflammatory complications by a factor of 2.4.
Source: Health care of Tajikistan
Language: English
Subfield: Oral Surgery
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7167628107