Structural and biomedical evaluation of Capsicum annuum -assisted green synthesis of CuFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: An eco-friendly biosynthetic route was developed for the synthesis of spinel-structured copper ferrite nanoparticles (CuFe 2 O 4 NPs) using Capsicum annuum (sweet green pepper) extract as a multifunctional reducing, capping, and stabilizing agent. This study systematically correlates the synthesis conditions with the structural, optical, magnetic, and biological properties of the synthesized material. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of a cubic spinel structure with a nanocrystalline size of ≈26 nm, while Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of metal–oxygen bonds and chemical reactions resulting from plant compounds. Optical analysis showed a low energy gap (≈1.5 eV), attributed to cation redistribution and the presence of defects in the crystal structure. Magnetic measurements also showed strong ferromagnetic behavior with a high coercivity value, attributed to the effects of single magnetic field. From a biological standpoint, the synthesized NPs showed improved antibacterial activity, along with low cytotoxicity against normal cells and excellent hematologic biocompatibility, with a hemolysis rate of <5%. These results demonstrate a clear correlation between the structural, physicochemical, and biological properties, highlighting the potential of green-synthesized CuFe 2 O 4 NPs in advanced biomedical applications.
Source: Materials Science-Poland
Institution: Middle Technical University
Language: English
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7167938017