A Population-Based Study to Evaluate the Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Pregnant Women
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background: Pregnancy is associated with profound hormonal and immunological changes that predispose women to a variety of oral mucosal lesions.These lesions may affect maternal comfort, nutrition, and overall oral health.The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and pattern of oral mucosal lesions among pregnant women.Materials and Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in urban and rural areas.Oral examination was performed using WHO criteria by trained dental professionals.Demographic data, trimester of pregnancy, oral hygiene practices, and oral mucosal lesions were recorded.Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0.Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were applied, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.Results: Among the 500 pregnant women examined, 142 (28.4%) presented with at least one oral mucosal lesion.Pregnancy gingivitis (12.8%) was the most common lesion, followed by aphthous ulcers (5.8%), traumatic ulcers (3.8%), pyogenic granuloma (2.8%), candidiasis (2.2%), oral pigmentation (0.8%), and other lesions (0.2%).Oral mucosal lesions were significantly more common during the third trimester (p=0.021) and among women with poor oral hygiene (p=0.004).Conclusion: Oral mucosal lesions are relatively common during pregnancy, particularly during the third trimester.Routine antenatal oral screening and preventive oral healthcare should be incorporated into maternal healthcare programs.
Language: English
Subfield: General Dentistry
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W7202090774