Nesting Ecology of Selected Urban Bird Species in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Urban landscapes provide important breeding habitats for a variety of bird species that have adapted to human-dominated landscapes. The present study aimed to understand nesting ecology of selected urban bird species in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India. The study documented the nesting ecology of six common bird species, viz. Vanellus indicus, Spilopelia chinensis, Columba livia domestica, Pycnonotus cafer, Passer domesticus, and Columba livia. Systematic field surveys were conducted during breeding and non-breeding season at three different sites of Rishikesh. Primary data were recorded through direct observations of active nests at the selected study sites, while secondary data were obtained from authenticated online sources, published papers, and relevant articles. Active nests of six common bird species were monitored to record nest characteristics, nest-site selection, and breeding behaviour. The study demonstrated that all the studied species exhibited species-specific nesting strategies. The outcomes of the present investigation establish reference data on the nesting ecology of urban bird species and highlight the need to conserve urban green spaces and appropriate nesting habitats to support long-term biodiversity conservation.
Authors: Negi, Esha, Rana, Komal, Badola, Smita
Institution: Sri Dev Suman Uttarakhand University
Language: English
Topic: Avian ecology and behavior
Subfield: Ecology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7202205503