Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: This paper presents the design of a novel sunflower-shaped microstrip antenna with a Defected Ground Structure (DGS) for sub-6 GHz applications. The proposed antenna operates at 5.75 GHz on a flame-retardant FR-4 substrate (relative permittivity = 4.4, thickness 1.6 mm) with overall dimensions of 30 × 25 × 1.6 mm³. The design is simulated and analyzed using the High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and exhibits a peak gain of 6 dB, a return loss of −32.15 dB, a bandwidth of 400 MHz, a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of 0.43, and a radiation efficiency of 77% at the operating frequency. The antenna is suitable for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications in the 5 GHz band, supporting high-speed Wi-Fi standards such as IEEE 802.11a/n/ac/ax (Wi-Fi 5 and Wi-Fi 6E) for applications including streaming, online gaming, and high-data-rate transfer. It is also relevant to 5G New Radio (NR) sub-6 GHz mobile applications, where the 5.75 GHz band offers higher data rates and reduced congestion compared to the 2.4 GHz band, making it appropriate for use in smartphones, laptops, and other mobile devices.
DOI: 10.48084/etasr.19003
Authors: Sangam Prafulla Borkar, Nitesh Guinde
Institution: Goa University
Language: English
Topic: Antenna Design and Analysis
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $431
OpenAlex ID: W7202298436